Overhanging Plates: An Answer?

While browsing The Architecture of Migration (for about the seven-hundredth time), I encountered the following description concerning cabin construction, from Joseph Doddridge's Notes on the Settlement and Indian Wars, of the Western Parts of Virginia and Pennsylvania from 1763 to 1783:

At the square, two end logs projected a foot or eighteen inches beyond the wall to receive the butting poles, as they were called, against which the ends of the first row of clap boards were placed . . .

In configuration, the "butting poles" of cabins seem remarkably similar to the overhanging plates exclusive to hewed log buildings. It seems quite possible that, following the transition from round to hewed log construction, settlers retained "butting poles" in altered form. Perhaps the overhanging plate is simply a relic!

Minutiae of Log Architecture: Overhanging Plates

Scattered throughout the southwestern portion of Ohio are examples of a peculiar type of eave construction, in which the plates (the uppermost logs of a non-gabled elevation), supported by extended side wall logs, overhang the walls themselves. This configuration is not easily sided and is thus a diagnostic characteristic of log architecture; even a remodeled building is easily identifiable, provided it features overhanging plates.

The technique's origin remains unknown. I've identified examples in Indiana, Kentucky, Missouri, and Ohio; of these states, Kentucky contains the greatest number by far (in fact, the overhanging plate seems dominant in the state).

Distribution of log buildings with overhanging plates, Ohio. Though outdated (since November 18, 2012, when I produced this map, I've discovered many more structures), the illustration is clear enough: overhanging plate construction dominates the state's southwestern quadrant.

Diagram, showing a simplified overhanging plate eave. Ignore my amateurish steeple notching!

In most cases, the plate itself is hardly noticeable. What lends distinction to this construction type is the supporting side log, which punctures the wall plane. Often, the ends of such logs are rounded or chamfered.

Overhanging plate eave, Rockcastle County, Kentucky.  Photo by William Gus Johnson, 1984, for the National Register of Historic Places. A well-constructed eave with chamfered side log. Note the rake board.

Log house (ca. 1812), Shelby County, Kentucky. Photo by Charlotte Worsham, 1986, for the National Register of Historic Places. A large residence of "saddlebag" form. Though both pens feature overhanging plates, each is handled differently.

Log house (1833), owned by J.F. Hardsock (or Hartsook) in 1874; Caesars Creek Township, Greene County, Ohio. Demolished. Photo by Donald Hutslar, 1971, from The Architecture of Migration. A log crosswall divided the first floor into two rooms. Compare this home with the one depicted below.

Log house, Washington Township, Brown County, Ohio. Demolished. Photo by Susannah Lane (?), 1969, for the "Southwest Ohio Survey." A fine building, exhibiting both prominent overhanging plates and a centered frieze window. A stone chimney, which may have served a summer kitchen, second log pen, or addition, stood to the west.

Log house, Jefferson Township, Logan County, Ohio. Photo from the Logan County Auditor's website, 2012. In its proportions, a late 19th century building; the overhanging plates suggest otherwise.

The overhanging plate also appeared in French-settled portions of Darke and Shelby counties. These houses, though typologically distinct from southwestern Ohio buildings, use similar eave construction.

Log house, New Riegel, Seneca County, Ohio. Photo from Zillow. Quite a fascinating structure, clearly divided by a full-height crosswall. In form, it resembles the French homes of Darke and Shelby counties; a few French individuals settled in Big Spring Township (in which New Riegel is located), so a connection between the regions is feasible.